ルートDNSサーバからDNSコンテンツサーバまでのドメインツリーを辿りたい場合は dig +trace
% dig +trace d.hatena.ne.jp ; <<>> DiG 9.8.3-P1 <<>> +trace d.hatena.ne.jp ;; global options: +cmd . 143705 IN NS f.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS e.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS c.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS m.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS b.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS k.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS d.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS l.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS j.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS g.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS h.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS i.root-servers.net. . 143705 IN NS a.root-servers.net. ;; Received 508 bytes from 192.168.10.1#53(192.168.10.1) in 40 ms jp. 172800 IN NS h.dns.jp. jp. 172800 IN NS b.dns.jp. jp. 172800 IN NS d.dns.jp. jp. 172800 IN NS g.dns.jp. jp. 172800 IN NS a.dns.jp. jp. 172800 IN NS c.dns.jp. jp. 172800 IN NS e.dns.jp. jp. 172800 IN NS f.dns.jp. ;; Received 488 bytes from 192.5.5.241#53(192.5.5.241) in 26 ms hatena.ne.jp. 86400 IN NS ns1.future-s.com. hatena.ne.jp. 86400 IN NS ns0.future-s.com. ;; Received 80 bytes from 202.12.30.131#53(202.12.30.131) in 35 ms d.hatena.ne.jp. 600 IN A 59.106.194.36 ;; Received 48 bytes from 219.99.167.170#53(219.99.167.170) in 17 ms
参考
+[no]trace
https://linux.die.net/man/1/dig
Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root name servers for the name being looked up. Tracing is disabled by default. When tracing is enabled, dig makes iterative queries to resolve the name being looked up. It will follow referrals from the root servers, showing the answer from each server that was used to resolve the lookup.
自らの「ゾーン」（ドメイン名空間）について、情報を管理し問い合わせに回答する。独自のドメイン名をドメインレジストラで登録する際、「そのドメイン名を管理するDNSサーバ」として指定するのがDNSコンテンツサーバである
DNSサーバ - Wikipedia
